The Effect of Kitolod (Isotoma Longiflora) Leaf Extract Concentration in Gel Formula on Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Levels

Septiana Laksmi Ramayani; Dania Fauzita Rarasati; Yuliya Rizky Widyastuti

doi:10.36858/jkds.v12i1.573

Authors

Septiana Laksmi Ramayani Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta
Dania Fauzita Rarasati Department of Pharmacy, Polytechnic of Mangunwijaya, Indonesia,
Yuliya Rizky Widyastuti Department of Pharmacy, Polytechnic of Mangunwijaya, Indonesia,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36858/jkds.v12i1.573

Keywords:

Kitolod, gel, Total Phenolic Level, Total Flavonoid Level

Abstract

Belonging to the Campanulaceae family, Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) possesses antioxidant properties crucial for wound healing; presenting a case for its formulation into a gel and investigating the total phenolic and flavonoid content of kitolod leaf extract when in gel form is essential to understand its capabilities as an anti-inflammatory and wound-healing gel, as well as to examine the possible correlation between the extract's concentration and its phenolic and flavonoid content. This study assessed how different concentrations of kitolod leaf extract affect the total phenolic and flavonoid levels in a gel formulation. Using 96% ethanol, kitolod leaves were macerated. The gel formulations contained varying concentrations of kitolod leaf extract: F1(5%), F2(10%), and F3(20%). The presence of phenols and flavonoids was confirmed through qualitative tests using FeCl3 1% for phenols and the Shinoda test for flavonoids. The findings confirmed that the total levels of phenolics and flavonoids increased with the concentration of kitolod leaf extract in the gel. SPSS analysis showed a strong correlation between extract concentration in the gel and the amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids, highlighting a positive relationship between these two chemical compounds since they are in the same category.

References

Aminah, Hamsinah, Abiwa, N. A., & Anggo, S. (2020). Potensi Ekstrak Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottoni) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN (Vol. 12, Issue 1).

Awwaliyah, R. (2021). Uji aktivitas ekstrak etanol 70% daun kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada mencit (Mus musculus).

Ćorković, I., Pichler, A., Šimunović, J., & Kopjar, M. (2021). Hydrogels: Characteristics and application as delivery systems of Phenolic and aroma compounds. In Foods (Vol. 10, Issue 6). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10061252

Da Silva, L. A. L., Pezzini, B. R., & Soares, L. (2015). Spectrophotometric determination of the total flavonoid content in Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) leaves. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 11(41), 96. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.149721

Do, Q. D., Angkawijaya, A. E., Tran-Nguyen, P. L., Huynh, L. H., Soetaredjo, F. E., Ismadji, S., & Ju, Y. H. (2014). Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 22(3), 296–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2013.11.001

Egarani, G., Egarani, G. R., Kasmiyati, S., & Kristiani, E. B. E. (2020). The Antioxidant Content and Activity of Various Plant Organs of Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora). Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 12(3), 297–303. https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23888

Geethalakshmi, R., Sakravarthi, C., Kritika, T., Arul Kirubakaran, M., & Sarada, D. V. L. (2013). Evaluation of antioxidant and wound healing potentials of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm.f. BioMed Research International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/607109

Hanani, E. (2016). Analisis Fitokimia. EGC.

Kejík, Z., Kaplánek, R., Masařík, M., Babula, P., Matkowski, A., Filipenský, P., Veselá, K., Gburek, J., Sýkora, D., Martásek, P., & Jakubek, M. (2021). Iron complexes of flavonoids-antioxidant capacity and beyond. In International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Vol. 22, Issue 2, pp. 1–20). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020646

Luliana, S., Riza, H., & Indriyani, E. N. (2019). The Effect of Extraction Method on Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Salam Leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhidrazil). Majalah Obat Tradisional, 24(2), 72–76. https://doi.org/10.22146/MOT.33955

Munte, L., Max, ), Runtuwene, R., & Citraningtyas, G. (2015). Aktivitas Antioksidan Dari Ekstrak Daun Prasman (Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl.) 1). In PHARMACONJurnal Ilmiah Farmasi-UNSRAT (Vol. 4, Issue 3).

Octasari, P. M., Ramayani, S. L., & Mangunwijaya, P. K. (2021). Potensi Hidrogel Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Pecut Kuda (Stachytarpheta Jamaicensis [L.] Vahl) Terhadap Proses Penyembuhan Ulkus Diabetikum Pada Rattus Novergicus Galur Wistar. Jurnal Wiyata: Penelitian Sains Dan Kesehatan, 8(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.56710/WIYATA.V8I1.425

Putri, C. N., Rahardhian, M. R. R., & Ramonah, D. (2022). Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Kadar Total Fenol dan Total Flavonoid Esktrak Etanol Daun Insulin (Smallanthus sonchifolius) serta Aktivitas Antibakteri Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research, 7(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v7i1.43465

Ramayani, S. L., Amalia Permatasari, E., & Novitasari, I. (2021). Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Kadar Total Fenolik, Kadar Total Flavonoid Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.). In Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik (JIFFK) (Vol. 18, Issue 1). www.unwahas.ac.id/publikasiilmiah/index.php/ilmufarmasidanfarmasiklinik

Ramayani, S. L., Hastuti, R. S., Hapsari, G. V., Prabandaru, B. T., & Widiyarini, D. (2021). The Solvent Effect of Hand sanitiser Formulation from Pecut Kuda (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis [L] Vahl) extract. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1764(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1764/1/012020

Ramayani, S. L., Nugraheni, D. H., Robertin, A., & Wicaksono, E. (2021). Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Kadar Total Fenolik dan Kadar Total Flavonoid Daun Talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) The influence of a method of the extraction against the level of the total content of phenolic and total flavonoid leaves taro (Colocasia esculenta L.). In Journal of Pharmacy (Vol. 10, Issue 1).

Rüther, L., & Voss, W. (2021). Hydrogel or ointment? Comparison of five different galenics regarding tissue breathability and transepidermal water loss. Heliyon, 7(1), e06071. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2021.E06071

Sàadah, H., Nurhasnawati, H., & Permatasari, V. (2017). Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia(L.)Merr) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Effect Of The Extraction Method On The Concentrationof Flavonoids Ethanol Extract Of Onion Dayak Bulbs(Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr) USING SPECTROPHOTOMETRY. In Jurnal Borneo Journal of Pharmascientech (Vol. 01, Issue 01).

Suwandi, A. O., Pramono, S., & Mufrod. (2012). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Daun Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol (BL) Hook f. & Th.) Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Sifat Fisik Sediaan Krim (Stelechocarpus burahol (BL) Hook f. & Th.) Concentrationon The Antioxidant Activity And Its Physical Properties Within Cream Formulation. In Majalah Obat Tradisional (Vol. 17, Issue 2).

Wahyuni, N. M. S., Wrasiati, L. P., & Hartiati, A. (2021). Analisis Korelasi Antara Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Dengan Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Ekstrak Daun Bambu Duri (Bambusa blumeana). Agrointek : Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 15(4), 1062–1070. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v15i4.9853